The Importance of Accountability Paper Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Accountability Paper Essay The profound style of experienced training provided for health care workers require an important set of distinguished guidelines of accountability and prepare administrators to handle diversified patients that could be highly affected by common human errors, misconduct or neglect. Health care industries are the primary financial asset throughout the nation, thus obtaining funds from private administrative sectors can be highly expensive compared to other organizations. With proper practice of health care laws and experienced health services provided, physicians can adjust unethical behavior in a positive way. This paper will discuss the importance of accountability in health care organizations and the employees as well as how it applies to ethical considerations in management. Also discussed is how a checks and balance process reflects on a successful organization. The paper will also address if accountability affects the organization’s working culture as well as how to remain a positive outlook or avoid blame in the working culture. Measuring Employee’s Accountability Health care organizations uphold high accountability guidelines from all aspects such as controlling, coordinating and creating special regulations in order to ensure the best healthcare for patients, success for healthcare providers, and efficiency within the healthcare system. Accountability is necessary within healthcare settings not only for patients, but also for the community as a whole. Reliance and trust weigh heavy for healthcare providers as it serves as a leader in community resources. As a vital source within the community, the hospital for example is held to the highest standards in accountability for the community. It is viewed as the center of medical ethics, quality, and ultimately essential to the public. Requiring employees to be accountable for his or her actions can be a major challenge (Lion, 2012). According to Lion, physicians often look the other way when  they need to enforce accountability to their staff and tend to think it will go away on its own (Lion, 2012). The group of managers will be the ones to specify what control screening will be done in between performance reviews to determine excellence of care and to make certain all aspects of the job are completed. It is also important to detect any irregularities that may be problematic within the organization. This actually means that authorized and disciplinary actions will be irrefutable based on internal standards as imposed by the organization. Additionally, the external sources include localized health care information picked by the United States Department of Health and Human Services that has experts to implement health care laws as well as making sure that organizations are abiding by these laws (Martin Frahm, 2010). They have assigned departments that are dedicated to complete the work for a specific time zone and they are the legitimate source to provide supervision in health care organizations. However, if any misconduct occurs then the legal department will take disciplinary actions and will have a legal battle with the Supreme Court. Ethical Considerations in Leadership and Management Ethics is a sensible perspective to various health care managers and leaders that aids to implement regulatory practices within an organization by improving the decision-making mechanisms. Ethics is most certainly an important terminology for all health care industries because it provides them with everyday determination and provides them with mutual accountability (DeCamp, 2013). Ethics also has an essential effect and role due to its influential subject matter. There are segments of ethics like clinical and management ethics that are based on the perception of accountability in health care industries because they regulate trustees that are critical building trust with patients. As a result, health care organization leaders have to implement a culture that would encourage and conserve the health related concerns of patients by way of motivation. Additionally, health leaders and managers should work together with the organization’s stakeholders such as local, state and government agencies as well as other physicians and payers (DeCamp, 2013). Managers and leaders should also make sure that the organization’s culture emulates the ethical quality that highlighted towards the needs of patients. The culture achieves  the benchmark the organization needs for practice and regulation measures needed to share the resources and expectations of the organization. Checks and Balances Process The checks and balance was created as a system to control the organization or an individual person as well as for the foundation of an amicable interconnection with everyone from each department within an organization. The checks and balance within a profitable organization authorizes the appropriate, competent employee to be in charge of overseeing governing and supportive concepts or developments. A fundamental perspective to consider in health care is that there will always be room for an employee to abuse his or her power in order to gain unauthorized access to company funds (Feigenbaum, 2015). This is why it is important for organizations to invest in proper security measures to ensure the assets of the company are safe from outside theft as well as internal misconduct (Feigenbaum, 2015. Accountability’s Affect on Working Culture and Avoiding Blame Accountability has an affect on the working culture because it operates like an external tool to help control and monitor the organization. Accountability has demonstrated that health care organizations have improved its level of effectiveness. It also helps to strongly monitor employees who blame others for mistakes rather than accept responsibility. This makes it easier for the organization to organize special activities or training for the improvement of services provided from the staff to the patient. In every health care organization patient safety is the primary concern and it is an aspect to consider when dealing with joined work efforts, human experiences and the value of accuracy. In order to manage a suitable working culture it is important to recognize how and why the breakdown occurred and what can be done to improve the complex issues of a health care organization. Every stakeholder involved along with the organization’s employees should put their issues aside and prosper to obtain the improvement of the organization as a common objective. It is also important for staff to explore new methods to achieve accountability at the highest level and to be open minded for new innovative ideas as well as sharing them with fellow employees. A poor quality accountability process will lead to the deterioration of the organization’s decision-making process and safety policies. Conclusion Accountability in any organization is important because it can make all the difference on the success or failure for a company. Every employee regardless of level or position should be held accountable for his or her actions or mistakes and be ready to face the consequences that come after. Above all, the best methods or actions need to be placed on ensuring patient safety and providing the best form of health services in the organization. Accountability is essential to an organization in order to avoid problems if they are handle responsibly and effectively. References DeCamp, M. (2013, February). Ethics in Accountable Care Organizations. AMA Journal Ethics: Illuminating the Art of Ethics, 15(2), 156-161. Retrieved from http://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/2013/02/pfor1-1302.html Feigenbaum, E. (2015). Chron: The Meaning of Checks and Balances. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/meaning-checks-balances-4095.html Lion, M. H. (2012, July). Physicians Money Digest: Establishing Staff Accountability. Retrieved from http://www.hcplive.com/physicians-money-digest/practice-management/Establishing-Staff-Accountability Martin, L., Frahm, K. (2010, March). The Nature of Accountability in Administrative Practice. Journal of Sociology Social Welfare, 37(1), 137-148. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=730f0180-5b7b-4797-8409-a9828c7e92b0%40sessionmgr4004vid=1hid=4106

Students Academic Performance in High School

Students Academic Performance in High School Even though a different set of constraints and challenges in education has been faced worldwide, educational development has been actively promoted by means of adapting to rapid global changes (Peretz, 2009). Ensuring quality of education is one of the six Education For All goals agreed by over 160 governments during the World Education Forum in Dakar in 2000; almost every country around the world has committed to enhancing education quality in an effort to achieve the goals of EFA by 2015. Governments seek to offer students an education that equips them with skills, knowledge, and wider perspectives so that students can participate in the social, economic and political lives of their nations (UNESCO, 2009). The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has prioritized educational sector as a key area for national development: capacity building and human resources development is one of the key strategies of the Rectangular Strategy in the third term of the national assembly (RGC, 2004). Cambodian education system is divided into four levels: pre-school education, primary education, secondary education (lower and upper) and higher education. Students from the age of three to five years old are allowed to enroll in pre-school education. To get basic education, students have to at least spend six years of primary education and three years of lower secondary education. After graduating from lower secondary education, students are provided options to continue to upper secondary education or enter secondary -level vocational training programs provided by the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training (MOLVT). Students can also have chances to pursue their studies in university or vocational training a fter completing upper secondary education (UNESCO, 2008). The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) has emphasized education quality at all levels basic, secondary and higher education because it can produce the well-educated and skilled students in order to meet the needs and requirement of the growing labor market. Education at upper secondary level is the foundation for higher education. After upper secondary school, students should have capacity to continue their studies at higher education or to specialize their studies (MoEYS, 2004). To achieve this goal, students are provided options to select the program of study: sciences and social studies. Additionally, students are required to study at least ten subjects which are compulsory to complete upper secondary education. To completely graduate from upper secondary school, students are assessed based on the scores earned at Grade 12, the final grade of upper secondary education, and the score of the national examination (UNESCO, 2008). 1.2 Problem Statement The achievement of high school students has been a great concern to educators, parents, and government. Even though measures have been taken to improve the quality of education, a large proportion of high school students perform poorly in the classroom (P. Pal, personal communication, October 10, 2010). Furthermore, some students are likely to play truant or miss their class very often. As identified in UNESCO National Education Support Strategy, the cost burden, the need for the students to work and a lack of understanding the importance of formal schooling are some of the reasons behind the low grade 12 completion rate (UNESCO, 2010). 1.3 Research Objectives There has been little qualitative research conducted on perceptions of students and teachers towards the factors influencing the students academic performance in high school in Cambodia. Therefore, the intent of this study is to identify those factors influencing students academic performance in high school. Investigation into the factors that might influence students academic performance in high schools may contribute to enhancing students learning abilities in upper secondary education as well as helping them to pursue their higher education easily. 1.4 Research Questions This study aims to answer the following research questions: How do teachers and students perceive factors influencing students academic performance? What are the differences in perceptions between teachers and students toward factors contributing to students academic performance? 1.5 Significance of Study This study is particularly significant for two main reasons. First, it will increase understanding of and contribute to the literature on students academic performance in high school in Cambodia. Second, it is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to helping all stakeholders, namely, parents, teachers, school communities, and central agents to strengthen efficiency and quality of education in upper secondary education. 1.6 Definition of Concept Page, Thomas, and Marshall (as cited in Ogunbanjo, 2001) defined school performance as an action of a person or group when given a learning task. In education, performance refers to achievement in carrying out of a task, assignment or course. Academic performance is the level of success determined by grade point average at the end of the semester (Lamsis, 2010). Thus, in this study, academic performance is generally taken to mean students ability and achievement in the school work as measured by tests results, performance or behaviour during lessons, grades and reports. 1.7 Proposed Chapter This research study is organized in five chapters. Chapter one will consist of introduction dealing with background information of the study, problem statement, research objectives, research questions, significance of the study. The past literature, which was conducted in different settings around the world, will be examined in chapter two. Next, the research methodology will discuss in detail the participants, method, instruments, tools, data collection, data analysis, ethical consideration and limitation of the study in Chapter three. In Chapter four, finding and discussion will be identified. Finally, conclusion and recommendation will also be discussed in chapter five. CHAPTER 2 Literature Review Factors which influence students performance have been identified as including classroom management, quality of teaching staff, family social-economic status, lack of teaching facilities, inadequate student discipline, lack of student commitment, emotional problems, curriculum contents, learning situation, inadequate teacher instruction, and not enough parental involvement (Asikhia, 2010; Legotlo et al., 2002 ; Nguyen Griffin, 2010). In the study by Asikhia (2010), the focus of the investigation was on the perception of students and teachers on the causes of poor academic performance among secondary school students in Ogun State, Nigeria. The results of teachers perception indicated that teachers teaching qualifications and students background had a smaller effect on the students poor performance but teachers methods of teaching influence poor academic achievement. Students, on the other hand, thought that teachers qualifications and students home environment influenced their poor performance in school while teachers method of teaching and learning materials did not. In the study of factors influencing poor performance of grade 12 learners in two high schools in Limpo province in South Africa, Rammalas study (2009) discovered that parents low-level of education, high unemployment rate, child-headed family, unpredictable home environment, emotional problems, lack of facilities, unavailable learner support materials, lack of discipline, redeployment of education, unfamiliarity of new curriculum influenced students performance in the classroom. In a similar research study conducted in Nepal, Subedi (2003) demonstrated the factors influencing high school student achievement. This study simply aimed to investigate the effect of resources and class size on student performance. The research revealed that the availability and use of resources had a significant effect on student performance. Class size also caused negative effect to student achievement. In a research article by Legotlo et al. (2002), the focus of investigation was on perceptions of stakeholders towards causes of poor performance in grade 12 National Examinations in a province in South Africa. The results in this study revealed that inadequate resources, lack of discipline and poor morale, problems concerning the implementation of government policy, and lack of parental involvement were major causes of poor student performance. In a research study by Ogunbanjo (2001), the focus of the investigation was on the factors influencing the academic performance of underachieving learners in a South African secondary school with an inhibitive learning climate. In order to get in-dept understanding of underachieving students learning performance, a qualitative method was applied. The findings of this study identified the factors as influencing the academic performance of underachieving learners: negative attitude of learners towards their school work, negative attitudes of teachers towards learners and inflexible teaching methods by teachers, lack of parental supervision, undisciplined behavior in class, learner absenteeism, insufficient learner support material, non-encouragement from parents for learners to study, excessive home chore, demotivation and low moral towards teaching as a career, overcrowding classrooms, lack of support from the department and school administration, lack of facilities and resources, lac k of parental involvement, inadequate funding of schools, lack of parental supervision, peer pressure, lack of parental guidance and supervision, learners lack of discipline, indiscipline by learners, illiteracy among parents, and poor insight of learners about the value of education. Taken together, the results, of course, indicate that overcrowded classes, lack of facilities and resources, inflexible teaching method, and lack of parental involvement are supposed to be the fundamental factors which negatively influence the students academic performance in high schools. CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Research Design Qualitative researchers share in the understandings and perceptions of others and explore how people structure and give meaning to their daily lives (Berg, 2009). In a qualitative research, a case study design is used to significantly focus on one phenomenon, which the researcher selects to understand deeply regardless of the number of sites or participants for the study (Mcmillain Schumacher, 2001). Since this study mainly aims to identify key factors that students and teachers perceive as influencing academic performance in a high school, the case study approach will be employed in this study. 3.2 Participant and Sample The target participants in this study will be teachers and students in a high school in Kandal province. I will contact the school principal initially to propose my study and receive the approval before proceeding and contacting potential participants. A purposive sampling method will be employed in this study because I aim to explore in detail participants reasons for performing poorly in their studies. The sample of this study will consist of 4 students and 2 teachers from high school in question. Both male and female participants will be selected. The teachers sample will be the class teachers who regularly facilitate any activities in classroom while 11th-grade students will be chosen in this study. The students sample will include students who learn with the selected teachers. 3.3 Data Collection Unlike a quantitative method, a qualitative data gathering procedures often involve spending a lot of time in the natural setting under study or with the research participants collecting relevant information unobtrusively (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). Choosing data collection strategies is a process of deciding among available alternatives for collection and corroboration of data and of modifying ones decisions to capture the reality of the phenomena (McMillan Schumacher, 2001). As the purpose of this study is to gain in-depth understanding of the factors contributing to students academic performance, participant observation, semi-structured interviews and informal conversation will be carried out to collect the data. The interviews will consist of open-ended questions and will be tape-recorded (see Appendix below for the details). Individual face to face interview and informal conversation will be used for teachers and students. I will make an appointment with the participants and inform them about the reasons of conducting this study, and request for their consent to participate in my study, before carrying out interviews. The participants will be provided options to select convenient time and comfortable place for the interviews in order to ensure full cooperation and trust. I will bring a tape recorder on scheduled interviews, and with the participants permission, record the interviews which will be expected to take around 1 to 2 hours and occur in the school campus or outside the school. Interview questions will follow a general list of topics. The purpose of these interviews is to allow those involved in a school to describe in detail their perceptions and experiences. In addition to these i nterviews, I will carry on informal conversations with participants at the beginning or end of the meeting to gain more specific concepts and experiences about the influencing factors on students academic performance. Participant observation will be also employed to collect data. The emphasis during observation is on understanding the natural environment as lived by participants without manipulating (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). After getting permission from school principal, I will visit the school for two weeks and significantly observe what goes on in classroom and during recess periods. The observation checklist will mainly focus on time management, environment in the classroom, teaching method, and behavioral patterns of students. Each observation will take around 45 minutes. Additionally, field notes will be written at the end of each observation describing in detail the setting and activities during the lessons. To assure the accuracy and details of these notes, I will spend several hours for recording notes after leaving the field. Official documents of the school such as students attendance record, and yearly academic report will be taken with permission of the school principal, teachers and students. 3.4 Data Analysis Data analysis is begun from the initial interaction with participants and continued that interaction and analysis throughout the whole study (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). As data are collected from the participants, I will examine and reexamine the data in search of themes and patterns in the data. Also, prior data and newer data will be continually compared to reduce less useful data. After gathering the data from the field setting, I will listen to the tape recordings, transcribe the interview tapes and analyze the participants responses. I will organize and prepare all data into different types of information depending on the sources of information. In addition, I will read through all data collected carefully to obtain general idea of information. Coding process will be used to organize information into categories or themes. Then these themes will be chronologically sorted into table display in order to discuss interconnected themes. Finally, I will make interpretation of themes. 3.5 Ethical Consideration Before starting the data collection, I will ask the permission and approval from school principal, teachers and students for observation or tape-recorded interviews. I will explain the study objective verbally and in writing to participants and tell them truthfully that their involvement is voluntary. I will fully explain any potential benefits to school principal, teachers, and students as a result of my study. Additionally, the participants will be informed of all data collection devices and activities. If at any point during the course of the interview the participants decide they no longer desire to continue, they will feel free to simply stop the interview. To avoid any harm to the participants, their names and school will be held in strictest confidence and will never be attached to any data or report that may result from this research. I will treat the participants with respect and give the participants pseudonyms. Personal identifiers will not be included in the research repo rt released to the public in order to avoid the identification of participants. The participants will be told that their responses will be kept confidential and that no one known to them will have access to the information provided and no one can link the analyze to their names. Also, verbatim transcriptions and written interpretations and reports will be made available to the participants. 3.6 Limitation of the Study This proposal has some specific limitations. First, the researcher will only conduct this study in a high school in a province in order to identify influencing factors on students academic performance. Second, since the study will be conducted in a small number of students and teachers in a high school in Cambodia, so the results will not generalize the factors influencing students academic achievement in all high schools nationwide. Third, the purpose of this research is not to provide broad generalizations, but to provide an in-depth analysis of factors influencing students academic performance in high schools. Finally, some activities, events and information which occur at specific period of the school calendar will not be captured during a short period of visit by the researcher.

The Mother-Daughter Relationship in Stand Here Ironing Essay -- Papers

The Mother-Daughter Relationship in Stand Here Ironing To many people, the ideal mother-daughter relationship is not like the one we find in this short story. In this case, however, its not being an ideal relationship is not the fault of the mother or daughter. Through her own relative thoughts, the mother illustrates the circumstances of the relationship that evolved with her daughter. Despite the mother's self incriminating thoughts, the dents in the mold of their mother-daughter relationship were made by the tough circumstances in their lives. From the beginning we hear the mother's self inculpating thoughts of all she "did or did not do." Emily is born into an unfortunate surrounding and, at the early age of eight months, her mother must leave her in the care of a woman whom Emily doesn't favor. The mother blames herself for her daughter's unhappiness and yet unknowingly justifies her actions with the immense love that she has for her. She recognizes that she was not able to be with her daughter at a time when young children want to cling to their mo...

Premonitions :: essays research papers

Gracie lives in Washington State with her Aunt Shay and cousin Diego. Her father deserted her when she was a young girl, and her mother was killed a year and a half ago. She makes no effort to listen to her â€Å"best friend† Emily, and that’s one of the reasons Gracie feels bad when Emily disappears. Another reason is because Gracie has premonitions. They’ve been with her since before her mother died. She never knows if she is seeing the past, the present, or the future. But she did see Emily. Gracie did not know where or when the premonition took place, but she felt the fear in Emily’s body. No news of Emily’s disappearance goes on for days, but as the days go on, Gracie sees a premonition here and there. A waterfall here, a passing light there, but they make no sense. Gracie goes to a computer camp where Emily was supposed to register. She has a feeling that there is some sort of connection with the camp because another girl disappeared who was a member of it. She sees more premonitions, but all they do is confuse her even more than she already is. One premonition shows her that another girl is going to be kidnapped at a park. Gracie convinces her cousin to take her there. Dora, a girl from the camp, is the girl from her vision. She tells her she is psychic and she has to leave the park before she is kidnapped. Dora leaves, and the head of the camp, Jonah Castle, believes that Gracie is Dora. Gracie plays along and she is led to a boat. She knows that somewhere in her visions, there was a boat. She feels close, and she doesn’t pick up any bad reading from Jonah. When they get to the boat, she runs on to find out that she is being kidnapped. Gracie had not seen Dora in her vision. She has seen herself. Jonah soon comes and explains his way of taking underprivileged children and putting them together in a secluded home. It has every essential a child could want, but the children are taken from their normal lives. Insid e the house, she finds Emily, along with other children. Gracie soon realizes that there is no hope of escaping. And she’s the only one who cares. Gracie quickly becomes a favorite of Jonah.

Do Men Have Symptoms of PMS :: essays research papers

The meaning of premenstrual, according to Webster's Dictionary, is: "occurring before a menstrual period." Men do not have menstrual cycles, since they do not have uteri. A uterus is required for menses. Does the possibility exist that men have the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)? Can the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome be associated with the male species? Due to the numerous symptoms associated with PMS, this essay deals with the symptoms of: irritability and stress, food cravings and weight gain, headaches . Just mentioing PMS makes some people irritable. How people express their irritability differs from each person. Some people express their irritable mood with body language. Such as, when a person throws his or her hands up in the air, and says, "touch me and die," this is a good indication that they are irritable. Most people's personalities control how they react to anger. Most people's personalities differ. Some people feel hostile, while others just show hostility. Most men say, "that they are just stressed out." Most men think that when women get stressed out, it is due to a hormone-imbalance due to PMS. Some people get food cravings when their hormones are imbalanced. Hormones control when people feel get cravings. Most people crave certain foods. Whether, the chocolate melts in their hands, the toppings are piled on the pizza, or they feel the need to lick the inside of the potato chip bag; people get cravings. Cravings can influence a person's diet. Some people eat healthy foods and exercise. They control their craving and eating habits. Other people give in to their bodies natural cravings. Some men use the excuse that they have a "sweet tooth" when they have a craving. But, most men say that when some women eat "they are stuffing their mouths." If a person does not exercise enough, and gives into too many cravings, they can get overweight. With ninety percent of the American adult population overweight; a lot of people are giving in to their cravings. Some people substitute food for affection. Others eat just because they are bored. Some people eat when they get depressed. Most people get depressed at some point in their lives. Hormone-imbalances can cause depression. Depression happens to some people when they have PMS. Hormones get released by certain hormone-producing glands into the body. The brain uses these hormones to dictate what emotions a person has.

Introduction to Philosophy Essay

1. What are the main branches of philosophy? Do philosophers have the same answers to the same philosophical questions? Why? Philosophy is a way of thinking about the big questions in life, from the existence of men to its morality. It is an activity which sharpens our reason. The word was coined by Greeks , meaning â€Å"the love of wisdom†. Philosophy can be divided into six big issues it is interested with. * First, the question about the nature of the world and the existence of Men which is under the domain of Metaphysics or also called Ontology. From the word â€Å"meta† which means beyond and â€Å"physics† which means physical it deals about beyond physical world- the spiritual. It also attempt to answer the ultimate reality of life, our reason of very existence, Who and what God is and, how everything relates to it. * Second, what are the right ways to think and build arguments which is under the field of Logic. It tries to distinguish the valid reasons from the fallacies. It also examines the different general forms that argument may take. It is primarily studied in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, semantics, and science. * Third, How do we know and how do we think we know which is under the area of Epistemology. From the Greek words †episteme† which means knowledge and â€Å"logia† which means study, it basically deals on how do we acquire knowledge and what is the basis for true knowledge. * Fourth, Ethics which generally centers on the morality of our actions. It differentiates wrong from right and studies character’s actions based in his intentions. This field of Philosophy is vital and applied to other disciplines such as business, medicine, science, robotics, and education. * Fifth, Issues about laws, liberty, rights, property and , politics fall under the Political Philosophy. It is also one of the sub-fields of Political Science. Its purpose is to lay bare the fundamental problems and concepts which frames the study of Politics. It also studies the great thinkers of the past which shapes politics such as Socrates, Plato, Adam Smith and Hobbes. * Lastly, Aesthetics which deals on what is beautiful. Mainly it tries to answer questions which deals in art- music, painting, poetry, and such. It attempts to distinguish what is beautiful, what has taste, and what has artistic value. Philosophy can also be subdivided into three specific categories which are, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Language, and Philosophy of Science. These are branches which deal to questions their respective field of subject matters such as what exactly is a mind? how does language work? and Does science has responsibility to humanity? An Educator can ask a question to his students and would receive different responses . We can even expect complex answers to a simple question. It is because people view things in different perspectives, have different degree of intelligence, exposed to different environment, influenced by different people and ideas, and have personal insights and experiences which differ from one person to another. People thoughts varies and no idea can be of an exact match of another. In my opinion, Humans’ mind are like his fingerprint, We all have our fingerprints but its design- the curves and lines is unique in each individual. There might be similarities in ideas between individuals but in some point they contradict. For example, the two famous philosophers, John Locke and Thomas Hobbes both support the â€Å"Social Contract Theory† in which men enter a mutual agreement to surrender some of their liberty to authority in return of protection, both also, believe that men can exist without government and speak of its dangers in this kind of state-State of Nature. For Hobbes, the entire time that man is in a state of nature, he is in a state of war. He states that â€Å"if any two men cannot enjoy the same thing, they become enemies and in the way to their end†¦. endeavor to destroy or subdue one another† (Wootton, 158). Locke too points out risks, saying that without the â€Å"law of nature† everyone may execute decisions, leading to a state of war (Wootton, 290). However, despite of the similarities, Locke believes that people enter to social contract to seek peace and avoid the fear of death and living in State of Nature is brutish and chaotic while Hobbes believes that State of Nature is important and do exist in some ways such as among governments and leaders. Locke’s view on State of Nature is pessimistic in contrast to Hobbes which he thinks has some potential benefits. Philosophers do not have the same answer to a certain question. Each philosopher present different examples and take different stand on a certain idea. 2. Why has philosophy lost importance in the priorities of contemporary man? Philosophy had the paramount role during the ancient education. It created great and wise thinkers such as Socrates, Plato, and, Seneca and influenced bright minds such as Descartes, Adam Smith, and Karl Marx. Although the subject Philosophy is only introduce in higher level of studies in modern years, it diffuses its idea and being applied to core subjects such as mathematics, science, and language. Philosophy is still vital in learning until today. The decreasing value given in philosophy arises in the way modern man receive and gather information. Core subjects like Science should teach us to Inquire, to Analyze, to Think, and to Search- which are roles of philosophy but, Educators and with the convenience at reach, Students are being spoon-fed with facts from books and other resource materials instead of encouraging them to explore. They are bound with rules and regulations without giving them a chance to ask why they should follow orders. Students fail to analyze things because most Educators present facts and inculcate it to them through rote memorization instead of validating it. Learners learn facts but never learn to reason. They become man of knowledge but never become man of substance. The decreasing importance of philosophy in modern days is ascribed partly, to us Educators for failing to emphasize and apply its essence to the students. We teach the students to be dependent on the facts provided in books and internet, for we believe that it offers a vast amount of information forgetting that one’s mind can offer limitless insights on a certain topic. 3. Why should philosophy be restored to its former prominence in the priorities of contemporary man? Philosophy is vital in man’s learning and improvement. Giving answers to man’s most perplexed questions or even to the simplest question that bother us gives us sense of satisfaction and purpose in life. In modern times, Philosophy is essential in choosing decisions that has impact on our future such as career path, religion, core beliefs, and even to work or business. Philosophy should never be undermine and be restricted to as a mere subject. It is a way of thinking and essential in making a wise decision hence, should be integrated in daily living. 4. How does western philosophy differ from the eastern? In General, Western Philosophy promotes individualism and more interested in finding and validating the truth while Eastern Philosophy is more interested in finding the balance within one’s self in order to live in harmony with others and thus promoting collectivism. Also, East philosophy which emerged in China is spiritual in nature as opposed to West which starts from Greece is naturalistic and subject to research. Individualism of the West gives meaning to the worth a person as an individual. It gives stress on liberty and self-reliance. â€Å"Man is directly a natural being. As a natural being and as a living natural being he is on the one hand endowed with natural powers, vital powers — he is an active natural being. These forces exist in him as tendencies and abilities — as instincts. On the other hand, as a natural, corporeal, sensuous objective being he is a suffering, conditioned and limited creature, like animals and plants. †¦ A being which does not have its nature outside itself is not a natural being, and plays no part in the system of nature. A being which has no object outside itself is not an objective being. â€Å" Marx, Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy in General (1844) â€Å"Self-expression is individuality, and our individuality is our self, which ought to be our chief concern† Ernest Dimnet (1928) The Art of Thinking p. 250 â€Å"If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away. † Henry David Thoreau, Walden: Or, Life in the Woods (1854), chapter 18, p. 210. Collectivism of the East emphasizes the interdependence of individual among others. â€Å"If I am walking with two other men, each of them will serve as my teacher. I will pick out the good points of the one and imitate them, and the bad points of the other and correct them in myself. † â€Å"Without feelings of respect, what is there to distinguish men from beasts? † Confucius â€Å"A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves. † â€Å"Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength, while loving someone deeply gives you courage. † Lao Tzu â€Å"The highest education is that which does not merely give us information but makes our life in harmony with all existence. † Rabindranath Tagore.

Social networks

Just a year's ago the idea of social networks was revolutionary. Social network is a place where people go to connect with their friends, family, and love ones, some even use it to made new friends. Social networking service is a Web site that allows individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile. Social networking consist of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Flickr, Tumbler, Pinterest, My space, Youtube, Google+, it's a getaway or an easy way to communicate. But can it be good Hi5, FaceTime etc†¦. thing to socialize through?The social networks has its pros and cons all depending n how you decide to use it. I myself use this kind of communication to stay connected with people. Without a doubt, the best reason to Join any social networking site is that it lets you make connections with other people. You can use social networking sites to stay up to speed with what your friends are doing. Social networks help us to made our society better in an away. Many of us are now able to once again connect with friends and relatives from far and wide without having to waste money paying for international phone calls.We can also share elements of our life, from what we enjoy o photos of ourselves and those in our lives. It is like being a part of that person's world, even though distance keeps you apart. At least one month I talk to my grandma in Dominican Republic by Skype, it help me to feel like I'm their next to her. This wed sides help to crimine-solving. The NYPD investigate gang-related crimes on social media networks. Recently, the NYPD nabbed about 60 gang members who boasted about violent criminal activity on social media (Samantha Rupert, 2013).Another good example, The police was able to find the bother and dad of the guy that aused the Boston massacre throughout Facebook. Social media has made it possible for like minded individuals to discuss important topics, widen their personal knowledge and discover things they never knew before. For example, you ng people around the world are now more involved than ever in their countrys politics. The last presidential elections in the US are proof of that. Social media has contributed to that increase in a big way. However, social networks help to promote your business.Million Americans received help with major life issues (changing Jobs, finding a new place to live, buying car, and caring for someone with an illness) from people in their social networks or advertisement. Many social networking sites like Myspace and Facebook make it easy to organize an event and invite your friends. Some sites allow you to group friends using different criteria, including geographic location. Last year with a couple of click in Facebook, I invite my friends and family to my birthday party and find the perfect outfit for that special day. Several social networking sites also act as application platforms.You can find dozens of applications ranging from quizzes to games to estaurant review programs. This wed sides can be really helpful! Whether it's via Facebook, Twitter or Instagram, social media plays a major part in thing-primarily because it takes us away from what's really important in life. Like the way it has allowed us to hide behind screens and limited our social interaction face to face. Just think of how many people you have on your Facebook friends list. How many of them do you see on a semi-regular basis? At all? Thanks to the social networks we are more likely to spend more time in our phone than with our family.When I take the train at least 6 of 10 people are using their phones. Statistics of 2013 said that 4. 2 billion people use their mobile device to access social media sites and 79% of smartphones owners use their phone at least 2 hours at day (Fast Company, 2013). Perhaps the biggest online social networking drawback is that it makes identity theft easier. On the other hand, if you share too much you may discover that someone else is using your identity. They might even be destroying your credit rating or attempting to access your e-mail or financial information.The phenomenon of social networking has taken todays youth culture by storm. At the same time, it has raised serious concerns about the security and privacy of the teenagers. Social medias are the reason of online predators, cyber bullying, ruined reputations, and other dangers have parents fearing the worst and wondering how to talk to their kids about the issue. What's a parent to do? â€Å"As a parent, probably the best thing we can do for our teens is try to provide a solid example of how to balance our personal and our digital lives,† Vartabedian said. l think this technology is all ere to stay. It's not going anywhere but the relationship that we share with that technology is something that we can influence and we can influence early on in life. † I agree with Vartabedian, because the social networks are really popular and everyday is a new one. As a parents we need to understand that our kids will use it without permission or without it. The Technology always will be to assess of our kids, we Just need To teach them the right way. The statistics in social networks of 2013 show that over 5 million Facebook users are under the age often.This is a stunningly large umber, which shows that young children have easy access to social media ( Mark scot, 2013). Social networks can be used for positive activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. one of the biggest problems of social networks is cyber bullying affects many adolescents and teens on a daily basis. Cyber bullying involves using technology, like cell phones and the Internet, to bully or harass another person.Cyber bullying can be very damaging to adolescents and teens. It can lead to anxiety, depression, and even suicide. Also, once things are circulated on the Internet, they may never disappear, resurfacing at later times to renew the pain of cyber bullying. One famous example of Cyber bullying was 2010 – University student Tyler Clementi Jumped to his death off a bridge in September. Clementi's sexual encounter with another man in his dorm room was video streamed on the internet by his roommate and a hallmate.After the roommate's second attempt to record another of Clementi's sexual encounters, Clementi committed suicide (ABC News). On the one hand, the online predators is another problem that the society is Internet to steal personal information or search for victims. Crimes that involve online predators include kidnapping and child sex abuse. At least 1. 8 million children are used in commercial sex, many sold into sexual slavery by poor families and others abducted and trafficked into brothels (International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children).The UN reports that 79% of human trafficking is sexual exploitation (International Centr e for Missing ; Exploited Children, 2009). Catfish is omeone who pretends to be someone they're not using Facebook or other social media to create false identities, particularly to pursue deceptive online romances. The term â€Å"catfish† is derived from the title of a 2010 documentary film, in which filmmaker Nev Schulman discovers that woman he'd been carrying on an online relationship is a fake profile. There's a good show in MTV that is called â€Å"Catfish† were Max and Joseph help people to meet persons that they have a relationship online.For example, the episode of last week was about one guy that gave his credit card umber to the girl that he had a relationship online. Max and Joseph help him to meet her and the guy discover that she was a man. Sometime this people that made a fake profile, because the social networks & media created a certain image of how you supposed to look. The main reason of this fake profiles is because they don't feel good about themsel ves and the feeling they don't going to be accepted by the society by the way they look. Clay Shirky said, â€Å"Our social tools are not an improvement to modern society, they are a challenge to it. â€Å"